Citing Where You Heard It
によると names the source of information you are passing on.
- 天気予報によると明日は雨だそうです。(According to the forecast, it'll rain tomorrow.)
It Demands a Hearsay Ending
This is the rule that gets missed. によると must be paired with a reporting form:
| Ending | Sense |
|---|---|
| そうです | I hear that |
| とのことです | I am told that |
| ということです | it is said that |
| らしいです | apparently |
Ending the sentence flatly — ×天気予報によると雨です — sounds wrong, because you have named a source and then asserted the fact as your own.
によれば
によれば is interchangeable and slightly more formal. Both appear in news writing; によると is commoner in speech.
Distinguish によって
Same verb 因る, different job:
| Pattern | Meaning |
|---|---|
| によると | according to (a source) |
| によって | by means of / depending on / by (agent) |
