Benkyō Mashou logoBenkyō Mashou
All Grammar

Na-Adjectives | な-Adjectives

Descriptive words that need な before nouns

N5な-adj + な + noun | な-adj + だ (plain) | な-adj + です (polite)
N5Japanese Grammar

Descriptive words that need な before nouns

Formation:な-adj + な + noun | な-adj + だ (plain) | な-adj + です (polite)

Na-Adjectives

The other main type of Japanese adjective, alongside い-adjectives. They conjugate the same way nouns do, which makes them a bit different to work with. Our lesson on Japanese adjectives introduces both types side by side, and the conjugation guide goes deeper into every form.

Common な-Adjectives

Adjective Reading Meaning
() すき like
きれい きれい beautiful, clean
元気(げんき) げんき healthy, energetic
(しず) しずか quiet
有名(ゆうめい) ゆうめい famous
親切(しんせつ) しんせつ kind
便利(べんり) べんり convenient
大変(たいへん) たいへん terrible, tough
大丈夫(だいじょうぶ) だいじょうぶ okay, fine

Watch out: きれい and 有名(ゆうめい) end in い but they are な-adjectives, not い-adjectives.

Conjugation

な-adjectives conjugate like nouns:

Plain Form

Affirmative Negative
Present (しず)かだ (しず)かじゃない
Past (しず)かだった (しず)かじゃなかった

Polite Form

Affirmative Negative
Present (しず)かです (しず)かじゃありません
Past (しず)かでした (しず)かじゃありませんでした

Modifying Nouns

な-adjectives connect to nouns with な:

  • きれい景色(けしき) (a beautiful view)
  • 有名(ゆうめい)(ひと) (a famous person)
  • (しず)場所(ばしょ) (a quiet place)

That な is where the name comes from.

()き Is an Adjective

In English, "to like" is a verb. In Japanese, ()き is a な-adjective. This means the thing you like is marked with が, not を:

(ねこ)()きです。 (I like cats.)

Example Sentences

福岡(ふくおか)はきれいです。
Fukuoka is beautiful.

この(まち)(しず)かでした。
This town was quiet.

あの先生(せんせい)親切(しんせつ)じゃなかった。
That teacher wasn't kind.

日本語(にほんご)()きですか。
Do you like Japanese?

きれいな(はな)ですね。
What a beautiful flower.